An Introduction to Money Laundering
- Stages of Money Laundering: Placement | Layering | Integration
- Effects of Money Laundering on business
- Trade based money laundering defined
An Introduction to Anti-Money Laundering
- Existing non trade related AML regime
- Trade based AML regime - Institutional/substantive aspects of a trade-based AML regime
Combating Trade-Based Money Laundering
Risk based approach and Indicators
- Unusual transactions
- Significant deviations in business patterns
- Collusion
- Apparent front or shell company in transaction
- Geographical or jurisdictional concerns
- Transactions in high risk or high value goods
- Apparent inconsistencies in proposed transaction
- Trade structure concerns
- Letter of credit related concerns
- Suspicious actions
Common Techniques used in Trade-Based Money Laundering
- Over and under invoicing
- Multiple invoicing
- Over and under shipment
- Phantom shipments
- False description of goods or services
- Bank responses to potential trade-based Money Laundering
Case Studies
This section provides a number of case studies that illustrate the various ways that trade-based money laundering techniques can be used separately or in combination with other money laundering techniques to obscure the origins of illegal funds and complicate efforts to trace this money.
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Resources
This section provides a number of Resources
- Crosswords
- Publications
- References
- Guidance